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Casein: hot needle test
- Comments Off on Casein: hot needle test
Casein identification guide: casein is a thermoset semi-synthetic polymer made from milk, hardened in formaldehyde
13. Hot needle test: slow to burn, heat aura appears around point, sizzles, smokes, smells like burned milk, usually leaves a hard ridge around test point.
source: Button Materials A-Z: Identification Guide
by Jocelyn HowellsButton Specs
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Material
- 1-0 CELLULOID ASSORTED (47)
- 1-1 Body Types (37)
- 1-1.2 Sheet assorted (36)
- 1-1.2.1 Perforate (8)
- 1-1.2.2 Plain center (2)
- 1-1.2.3 Shield (3)
- 1-1.2.4 Tight top (2)
- 1-1.3 Solid Body (1)
- 1-1.2 Sheet assorted (36)
- 1-2 Decorative finishes (5)
- 1-3 Imitation (1)
- 1-3.1 Ivory (1)
- 1-3.1.2 Ivoroid (1)
- 1-3.1 Ivory (1)
- 1-4 Mounted in/on Metal (11)
- 1-4.1 Background (11)
- 1-5 OME (8)
- 1-7 Unlisted (1)
- 1-1 Body Types (37)
- 2-0 CERAMICS (42)
- 2-1 Earthenware (2)
- 2-2 Porcelain (12)
- 2-2.1 Arita (4)
- 2-3 Satsuma (9)
- 2-4 Stoneware (10)
- 2-5 Back marks (2)
- 2-6 Decorative finishes (9)
- 2-7 Mounted in/on metal (6)
- 2-8 Other material embellishment (3)
- 3-0 CHINA (16)
- 3-1 Back types (14)
- 3-1.3.3 *Whistle (1)
- 3-1.2 *Metal shank (1)
- 3-1.1 *Inserted self shank (1)
- 3-1.3.2 Two-hole (6)
- 3-1.3 Sew-through (1)
- 3-1.3.1 Four-hole (5)
- 3-2 Body styles (9)
- 3-2.1 Hollow eye (4)
- 3-2.2 Oval eye (5)
- 3-3 Colors (1)
- Body/base color (1)
- 3-4 Decorative designs finishes (10)
- 3-1 Back types (14)
- 4-0 ENAMELS (34)
- 4-1 Construction (26)
- 4-1.4 Émaux peints (6)
- 4-1.4.1 Monochrome (1)
- 4-1.4.2 Polychrome (5)
- 4-1.5 Foil techniques (3)
- 4-1.2 Champlevé (4)
- 4-1.1 Basse-taille (7)
- 4-1.3 Cloisonné (2)
- 4-1.6 Gin-bari/gin-jippo (2)
- 4-1.7 Plique-a-jour (1)
- 4-1.4 Émaux peints (6)
- 4-3 Other material embellishment (3)
- Metal (3)
- 4-4 Openwork (3)
- 4-5 Unlisted (3)
- 4-1 Construction (26)
- 5-0 FABRICS (9)
- 6-0 GLASS, BLACK (217)
- 6-1 All black (55)
- 6-2 Back types (29)
- 6-2.2 Rosette shank (1)
- 6-2.3 Sew-through (1)
- 06-2.4 Swirlback (3)
- 6-2.1 Four-way metal shank (23)
- 6-3 Construction (17)
- 6-3.2 Coronet (2)
- 6-3.3 Foil embedded (1)
- 6-3.5 Impression inlay (2)
- 6-3.8 Moonglow (4)
- 6-3.9 Overlay (4)
- 6-3.10 Paperweight (3)
- 6-3.11 Tile type (1)
- 6-4 Decorative finishes (121)
- 6-4.1 Acid etched/frosted (12)
- 6-4.2 Lusters (62)
- 6-4.2.1 Gold (24)
- 6-4.2.2 iridescent/aurora (13)
- 6-4.2.3 Silver (20)
- 6-4.3 Paint enamel (51)
- 6-5 Mechanical make-up (16)
- 6-6 Molded/cut surface designs (177)
- 6-6.8 Openwork (1)
- 6-6.7 Lacy/lacy-like (4)
- 6-6.6 Intaglio (4)
- 6-6.5 Incised/outline (10)
- 6-6.4 Impressed (4)
- 6-6.3 Imitation fabric (142)
- 6-6.2 Faceted (7)
- 6-6.1 Embossed/cameo (7)
- 6-7 Other material embellishmen (14)
- 6-7.1 Metal (7)
- 6-7.2 Rhinestones/pastes (2)
- 7-0 GLASS, clear and colored (187)
- 7-1 Back types (29)
- 7-1.4 Swirlback (10)
- 7-1.3 Sew-through (2)
- 7-1.2 Rosette shank (1)
- 7-1.1 Four-way metal shank (12)
- 7-2 Clear colorless (26)
- 7-3 Colors (115)
- 7-3.1 Opaque translucent (52)
- 7-3.2 Transparent (15)
- 7-3.3 White (48)
- 7-4 Construction (30)
- 7-4.2 Coronet (5)
- 7-4.6 Foil embedded (3)
- 7-4.9 Intermixed (2)
- 7-4.10 Lampwork (2)
- 7-4.11 Moonglow (4)
- 7-4.12 Overlay (9)
- 7-4.13 Paperweight (5)
- 7-4.14 Radiant (1)
- 7-4.15 Satin (5)
- 7-5 Decorative finishes (93)
- 7-5.4 Paint enamel (41)
- 7-5.4.1 Painted back (10)
- 7-5.1 Acid etched/frosted (4)
- 7-5.3 Metallic back (3)
- 7-5.2 Lusters (56)
- 7-5.2.3 Silver (13)
- 7-5.2.2 iridescent/aurora (16)
- 7-5.2.1 Gold (23)
- 7-5.5 Pearlized (1)
- 7-5.6 Transfer/decal (1)
- 7-5.4 Paint enamel (41)
- 7-6 Mechanical make-up (5)
- 7-7 Molded/cut surface designs (139)
- 7-7.2 Faceted (7)
- 7-7.7 Lacy/lacy-like (10)
- 7-7.9 Victorian (2)
- 7-7.4 Impressed (1)
- 7-7.3 Imitation fabric (110)
- 7-7.1 Embossed/cameo (10)
- 7-8 Other material embellishment (4)
- 7-8.2 Rhinestones/pastes (1)
- 7-8.1 Metal (3)
- 7-1 Back types (29)
- 8-0 GLASS in/on METAL (82)
- 8-1 Black glass (7)
- 8-2 Clear and colored glass (33)
- 8-4 In/under glass (44)
- 8-4.2 Shield (6)
- One-piece mounting (30)
- 8-5 Imitation gemstones (6)
- 8-6 Unlisted (2)
- 9-0 HORN (13)
- 10-0 METALS (213)
- 10-1 White metals (29)
- 10-2 Aluminum (4)
- 10-3 Pewter (6)
- 10-3.1 Bright cut (2)
- 10-3.3 Soft cast (1)
- 10-4 Silver (11)
- 10-5 Steel (22)
- 10-6 Tinned white metals (1)
- 10-7 Yellow metals (9)
- 10-8 Brass (103)
- 10-9 Copper (7)
- 10-10 Gilt/plated (4)
- 10-12 Decorative finishes (31)
- 10-12.2 Enamel (1)
- 10-12.4 Original tint/finish (22)
- 10-12.5 Paint (1)
- 10-13 Mechanical make-up (37)
- 10-13.1 One-piece (10)
- 10-13.2 Two-piece (1)
- 10-13.3 Three-piece (1)
- 10-13.4 Openwork design (24)
- 10-13.5 Twinkle (2)
- 10-14 Other material embellishment (29)
- 10-14.1 Glass rhinestones (8)
- 10-14.2 Metal (12)
- 10-14.3 Shell (5)
- 10-15 Specific types (4)
- 11-0 SHELL (94)
- 11-1 Iridescent shell (pearl) (84)
- 11-2 Non-iridescent shell (8)
- 11-4 Decorative finishes (18)
- 11-4.2 Gilded (9)
- 11-4.1 Dyed (6)
- 11-4.3 Paint/paint encrusted (1)
- 11-4.4 Transfer/decal (2)
- 11-5 Mechanical make-up (14)
- 11-5.3 Laminate veneer (1)
- 11-5.4 Overlay (7)
- 11-5.1 Frame (3)
- 11-5.2 Inlay inset (5)
- 11-6 Mounted in/on metal (20)
- 11-6.1 Background (11)
- 11-7 Other material embellishment (51)
- 11-7.1 Glass rhinestones/pastes (9)
- 11-7.2 Metal (43)
- 11-7.2.1 Cut steel (23)
- 11-7.2.3 “Watch wheel" (1)
- 11-7.2.4 Yellow metal (17)
- 11-7.2.2 Escutcheon (7)
- 11-8 Working methods (54)
- 11-8.01 Carved (47)
- 11-8.3 Pierced (6)
- 11-8.2 Engraved (11)
- 12-0 Synthetic Polymer (97)
- 12-1 Thermoset types (55)
- 12-1.1 Amino resin (4)
- 12-1.2 Casein (32)
- 12-1.3 Phenolic resin (9)
- 12-1.4 Polyester (10)
- 12-2 Thermoplastic types (37)
- 12-2.4 Nylon (18)
- 12-2.5 Polymer clay (1)
- 12-2.6 Polystyrene (2)
- 12-2.1 ABS (3)
- 12-2.3 Cellulose acetate (9)
- 12-2.2 Acrylic resin (3)
- 12-3 Back marks (2)
- 12-6 Colors (8)
- 12-7 Decorative finishes (10)
- 12-8 Imitation of other materials (30)
- 12-9 Other material embellishment (14)
- 12-9.1 Glass (3)
- 12-9.2 Glitter (2)
- 12-9.3 Metal (5)
- 12-10 Techniques assorted (14)
- 12-1 Thermoset types (55)
- 13-0 VEGE IVORY (13)
- 15- Other Materials (135)
- 15-5 Unlisted (gemstone) (70)
- 15-1 BONE (4)
- 15-2 COMPOSITION (9)
- 15-3 IVORY (8)
- 15-4 RUBBER (8)
- Back marks (5)
- 15-5 Unlisted (38)
- 14-0 WOOD (24)
- 1-0 CELLULOID ASSORTED (47)
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Designs
- PICTORIALS (17-21) (505)
- 17-0 ANIMALS (145)
- 17-1 Amphibians (1)
- 17-2 Birds (50)
- 17-2.4 Wading water birds (3)
- 17-2.1 Domestic fowl (4)
- 17-2.3 Peacocks (21)
- 17-2.2 Owls (5)
- 17-3 Fish (5)
- 17-4 Invertebrates (18)
- 17-4.1 Arachnids (1)
- 17-4.3 Insects (16)
- 17-5 Mammals (68)
- 17-5.1 Cats (domestic) (3)
- 17-5.2 Cats (Wild) (6)
- 17-5.3 Deer family (2)
- 17-5.4 Dogs (5)
- 17-5.5 Elephants (2)
- 17-5.6 Horse family (26)
- 17-5.7 Rabbits (5)
- 17-5.8 Swine family (4)
- 17-6 Reptiles (7)
- 18-0 OBJECTS (52)
- 18-1 Anchors (3)
- 18-2 Arms armor (5)
- 18-3 Coins/coin type (1)
- 18-4 Containers (2)
- 18-4.1 Baskets (2)
- 18-5 Claws feet hands hoofs paws (1)
- 18-6 Fashion accessories (5)
- 18-6.4 Hats headdresses (3)
- 18-6.3 Footwear (1)
- 18-6.2 Fans (1)
- 18-7 Horseshoes (3)
- 18-8 Masks (1)
- 18-9 Musical instruments (1)
- 18-10 Shells (6)
- 18-11 Sports game equipment (1)
- 18-12 Unlisted (17)
- 19-0 PLANTS (103)
- 19-1 Cattails (1)
- 19-2 Flowers (49)
- 19-2.1 Chrysanthemums (5)
- 19-2.5 Roses (16)
- 19-2.4 Pansies (1)
- 19-2.6 Thistles (1)
- 19-2.2 Iris (1)
- 19-3 Fruits (8)
- 19-3.3 Grapes (3)
- 19-4 Fungi (1)
- 19-5 Grains grasses (10)
- 19-5.1 Corn (1)
- 19-6 Leaves (21)
- 19-7 Nuts (7)
- 19-7.1 Acorns (5)
- 19-8 Trees (2)
- 19-9 Vegetables (1)
- 19-10 Unlisted (cones cactus etc.) (2)
- 20-0 OTHER PICTORIALS (234)
- 20-1 Architectural structures and/or scenes (11)
- 20-3 Astronomical (5)
- 20-4 Cartoon commercial characters (4)
- 20-5 Children (3)
- 20-6 Cupid cherubs (23)
- 20-7 Egyptian subjects (1)
- 20-8 Fabulous creatures (31)
- 20-9 Fops (3)
- 20-10 Gnomes fairies sprites (1)
- 20-11 Heads (32)
- 20-12 Lovers/couples (7)
- 20-13 Marine scenes (4)
- 20-14 Men (40)
- 20-15 Musicians (1)
- 20-16 Mythological (109)
- 20-16.1 Minerva (3)
- 20-2 Asian/Oriental (2)
- 20-17 Pastimes/games/sports (2)
- 20-18 People (15)
- 20-19 Religious (19)
- 20-20 Stories (8)
- 20-20.1 Fables (3)
- 20-21 Theater opera circus (2)
- 20-22 Transportation (30)
- 20-22.1 Human (21)
- 20-22.1.1 Ships/boats (1)
- 20-22.2 Non-human (5)
- 20-23 Women (35)
- 20-24 Unlisted (1)
- 17-0 ANIMALS (145)
- 22-1 PATTERNS (75)
- 22-1-1 All-over designs (3)
- 22-1.1.1 Plaid (1)
- 22-1-2 Curvilinear designs (28)
- 22-1-3 Geometric designs (29)
- 22-1.3.1 Circle (20)
- 22-1.3.3 4-sided (2)
- 22-1-4 Interlaced designs (1)
- 22-1-5 Linear designs (5)
- 22-1.5.1 Cross (1)
- 22-1-6 Radial designs (27)
- 22-1.6.1 Multi-armed (2)
- 22-1.6.2 Multi-lobed (4)
- 22-1.6.3 Star (3)
- 22-1.6.4 Tetrad (1)
- 22-1.6.5 Triad (2)
- 22-1-7 Turned designs (1)
- 22-1-1 All-over designs (3)
- 22-2 SYMBOLS (12)
- 22-2-1 Letter/word (9)
- 22-2-3 Pictorial (1)
- PICTORIALS (17-21) (505)
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Characteristics
- 23 Specific Types (83)
- 23-6 Construction, Techniques (16)
- 23-7 INLAY (3)
- 23-7.3 Insertion inlay (1)
- 23-7.5 Mosaic (1)
- 23-10 SHAPES (59)
- Contour (18)
- 23-10.1.1 Ball (4)
- 23-10.2 Linear (24)
- 23-10.2.1 Oval (2)
- 23-10.3 Realistic (21)
- Contour (18)
- 23-11 STUDIO (7)
- 23-11.1 Ceramics (1)
- 23-11.3 Glass (1)
- 23-11.8 Wood (1)
- 23-11.9 Other materials (1)
- 24-0 "EIGHTEENTH CENTURY" or earlier (29)
- Ceramics (2)
- Enamel (2)
- in/on metal (3)
- Gemstone (2)
- Pearl/shell (1)
- Metals (11)
- Copper colored (2)
- Silver (2)
- Steel/iron (2)
- White metals (4)
- Yellow metals (1)
- Other materials (1)
- Bone (1)
- Pearl/shell (4)
- 24-9 Under glass (5)
- Fabric (1)
- Ivory (2)
- Paper (1)
- Reverse painting (1)
- 23 Specific Types (83)
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Types
- 23-1 BACKGROUNDS (14)
- 23-1-1 Celluloid (4)
- 23-1-2 Fabric (1)
- 23-1-3 Glass (1)
- 23-1-4 Metal (2)
- 23-1-4-2 Twinkle (1)
- 23-1-5 Shell (1)
- 23-1-6 Wood (4)
- 23-1-7 Unlisted (1)
- 23-2 BACK MARKS (10)
- 23-2-3 Goodyear (1)
- 23-2-4 Paris/French (2)
- 23-3 BACK TYPES (8)
- 23-3-5 Threadback padback (2)
- 23-3-4 Sew-through (4)
- Whistle (1)
- 23-3-1 Cone shank (2)
- 23-4 BORDERS (168)
- 23-5 COMBINED MATERIALS (2)
- 23-1 BACKGROUNDS (14)
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Usages
- 25-0-1 by Function (2)
- 25 Non-Uniform (11)
- 25-5 Livery (6)
- 25-6 Overall (3)
- 25-8 Societies (1)
- 25-9 Sporting (1)
- Div II Uniform (3)
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Specialties
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- BUCKLES/CLASPS (1)
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- Member (68)
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- Public (66)
- Work Sheet (51)
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Sizes
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